Service Orientated Architecture
Service orientated architecture (SOA) is the codification of
distributed computing into a standardized approach and messaging format. SOA allows
organizations to develop a series of services that can expose programming
functions and objects through a special type of XML called simple object access
protocol (SOAP). Through Web Service Definition Language (WSDL) and Universal
Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI), developers can discover what
functionality the web service has available (Chen & Tsai, 2009).
Service oriented architecture enables the reuse of software
components saving organizations time and costs by increasing efficiency (Welke, Hirschheim, & Schwarz, 2011). Infrastructure
efficiency allows companies to quickly make changes and grow their IT portfolio.
Componentized systems allow organizations the ability to upgrade single components
rather than entire systems (Sarkar, 2009; Welke et
al., 2011). Figure 5 shows the software code that makes up a SOAP
message.
Web 2.0
Berners-Lee et al. (2006) note that the evolution of the World
Wide Web is not happening with the addition
of more complex algorithms but through the incorporation of physiology and sociology
into constructing web pages. Berners-Lee et al. believed understanding why,
socially, people used the web is essential to the evolution of the Internet. They
also believe that making it easier for developers to collaborate between
organizations will enhance the overall web experience. The Web 2.0 movement is
a combination of new technologies that are easier to use, encourage
collaboration, have easily accessible data, and have a social and psychological
aspect making web pages more powerful and socially aware (Anderson, 2007;
Paroutis & Saleh, 2009).
Web 2.0 is a movement away from the restrictive explicit
environment of SOA into a system where communication to users and between
organizations is more freely available (Lin, 2007). Web 2.0 is principally
about making interactions seamless and easier for both the developer and user.
